For each case, state the reason why the data were unusable. It’s necessary to report both the amount and reasons for data that was missing or excluded.ĭata can become unusable due to equipment malfunctions, improper storage, unexpected events, participant ineligibility, and so on. Missing dataĪnother key issue is the completeness of your dataset. If your study has multiple stages (e.g., pre-test, intervention, and post-test) and groups (e.g., experimental and control groups), a flow chart is the best way to report the number of participants in each group per stage and reasons for attrition.Īlso report the dates for when you recruited participants or performed follow-up sessions. However, an additional 12 participants failed to complete it, resulting in a final total of 208 participants. The remaining 220 participants were invited to complete the online study survey in exchange for study credit. Example: Reporting participant flowOf the 298 participants who completed the initial screening survey, 78 (26.1%) participants were excluded for not meeting study criteria, as they did not drink caffeine (11%) or they used prescription medication (15.1%).
Be sure to also state all reasons for attrition. That’s because an uneven number of participants across groups sometimes threatens internal validity and makes it difficult to compare groups. It’s necessary to report any attrition, which is the decline in participants at every sequential stage of a study. Introduce your dataīefore diving into your research findings, first describe the flow of participants at every stage of your study and whether any data were excluded from the final analysis. Write up the results in the past tense because you’re describing the outcomes of a completed research study. Place detailed results in supplementary materials. Results of subgroup or exploratory analyses, if applicable.Address the primary and secondary research questions by reporting the detailed results of your main analyses. Inferential statistics, including confidence intervals and effect sizes.Summarize the primary and secondary outcomes of the study. Make sure to report any unexpected events or side effects (for clinical studies). Identify the proportion of data that wasn’t included in your final analysis and state the reasons. Report the number of participants at every stage of the study, as well as the dates when recruitment took place. Participant flow and recruitment period.In APA style, the results section includes preliminary information about the participants and data, descriptive and inferential statistics, and the results of any exploratory analyses. Frequently asked questions about results in APA.
0 kommentar(er)
